The objective of this study was to estimate heritability, genetic and phenotypic correlations, and to assess maternal effects for major economic traits in native chickens of Iran maintained at the Khorasan Native Fowl Breeding Center (KRBC). Variance components were estimated for body weight at 8 weeks (BW8) and 12 weeks (BW12), age at sexual maturity (ASM), body weight at sexual maturity (WSM), egg number (EN), and average egg weight at 28, 30 and 32 weeks (EW). Each trait was analyzed using animal models with and without maternal effects under a Bayesian framework employing Gibbs sampling in GIBBS3F90. The most appropriate model for each trait was identified based on the Deviance Information Criterion (DIC). The dataset comprised 18000 records collected across three generations (2009–2012). Results indicated that, for ASM, the model including only direct genetic effects provided the best fit, whereas for WSM and BW8–BW12, models including direct, maternal genetic, and permanent maternal environmental effects were superior. For EN, the model including both direct and maternal genetic effects was optimal, while for EW the model containing direct genetic and permanent maternal environmental effects performed best. Direct heritability estimates ranged from 0.13 (for EN) to 0.46 (for EW). Exclusion of maternal effects generally led to overestimation of direct heritability. Therefore, inclusion of both direct and maternal genetic effects is essential for accurate evaluation of body weight and egg related traits. Positive genetic correlations between growth traits (BW8, BW12, and WSM) and ASM indicated that selection for faster growth could undesirably increase age at maturity. Since native chickens exhibit dual purpose potential (meat and egg production), the use of selection indices that simultaneously aim to enhance growth while reducing age at sexual maturity is crucial for improving their overall economic performance.